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IMPROVEMENT IN `ElilGfIllE FOB THE UTILIZATION lOI' AMMNIAGAL GAS.

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TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

-Be it known that LJEAN PROT, ci' Orleans, in the empire of France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machinery for. Obtaining Motive Power from Ammoniacal Gas; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being 'had to` the accompanying drawings.

The object of my invention isto substitute ammonia for 'steam in motor engines. I obtain this result by the particular combination and arrangement of the parts of the apparatus hereinafter described. My invenktiond'ocs not prevent the use of existing apparatus; but it canl be united with or added to ordinary machines, in order to substitute in such machines the action of ammonia for steam as a motor power. Thus, while changing the moto-r agentin stationary or movable machines used in manufact-ure, or navigation, or locomotion, I preserve their principal elements, especially the generator.

In the accompanying drawings I have represented diiierent views of my improved apparatus:

Figure 1 being an elevation.

Figure 2, a longitudinal vertical section; and

Figures 3 and 4, transverse vertical sections. i

It comprises the following essential parts: The dissolver A, the condenser B, the extracting vessel C, the feeder D,the vextension reservoir E, and the serpentine F. The latter is shown in detail and on an enlarged scale in Figure 5. The boiler may be either cylindrical, tubular, horizontal, or vertical; in fact, my invention can utilize any kind of boiler employed to vaporizc Water for steam engines. It is filled about half Way to its level line with an ammoniacal solutioni The dissolver, A, is also filled with pure water before the machine is first started. The boiler isthen heated, in order to disengage the gas from thc solution. |lhis gas, mixed with alittle steam, after having worked in the cylinder, enters the chamber E at a, where it deposits part of the fatty matters and other impurities it has brought with it thus far. `It thence flows continuously through the tubes 6 of the condenser B, where it becomes cooled and. condenscs its steam, and is conducted through the pipe c into the dissolver proper, A, in order that it may enter into solution with the water therein contained. To the end that this dissolution oi' the gas may be instantaneous, 'the gas escapes through holes made in a sort of diaphragmiplaced in the dissolver at d, forming a continuation of thepipcA c.

The process of feeding is as follows; Whenthe water in thc dissolver is completely saturated, the gas which fills the upper part of the dissolver acts or presses on` the 'surface of the water, and causes it to ascend into the feeder D through the pipe It, lifting the valve As soon as the dissolver is emptied as far asthe upper level of the pipe a, as indicated by the gauges .t and y, the water forced out of the dissolver is replaced by the water which enters from the boiler. This` Water, taken out from the lovrer part of the boiler, Where the solution is very weak-its escape beingregulated 'by a discharge cock-traverses the annular capacity of a double serpentinefthe interior oi',vvhich serves to conduct to the boiler the feed water saturated With gas, which is forced bach by the feed pump. In its course through the serpentine, F, the water coming out from the boiler imparts almost all its heat to thefeed water. The, water from the boiler then runs into the-box, from whence it is sent back in a serpentine contained in the extractor C. There it is completely cooled, and comes out of the serpentine at n, and is thrown or forced at g into the lower part oi" the dissolver through the longitudinal holes of `a tube plunged inte the solution. All the Water extracted from the boiler does'not enter at g. About one-fourth of it lis throivn in the formA oi' spray or a shower in `the upper part of the dissolver at p, in order to continually dissolve the small quantity of gas which becomes disengaged from the solution, and thus to maintain as perfect a vacuum as possible. The method of feeding and extracting, which I have just described, is intermittent. It can, however, be made continuous. 'In order to do this, it will bc sufficient to so adjust the feed and extracting cocks that the feeder shall alvays be kept 'full about halt' Way to its level line, the `eed-valve, in such case,vnecessarily remaining' always open. AIt isedsential to cool, iirst, the dissolver A, in order to carry oi the latent caloric of the solution as fast as itis generated; second, the4 condenser B, in order to condense the steam mixed with the gas, and to reduce the gas to a vlow temperature, so v.as to effect its rapid absorption by the Water in the dissolver; Jthird, thecntracting serpentine containcdrwithin the vessel orchamber (l, in order that the water forced into the dissolver maybe at the same temperature as that of the solution. For this purpose a special pump throws the Water at z into a series of horizontal tubes, g. The water isthen led into another series above the iirst; thence lows through a third series of tubes; and, after many circuits, passes out from the dissolver through the tube f into the condenser, Where it escapes freely. There it flows around the tubes 6, and Works its Way through a central opening into the extractor C, Whence it is finally discharged after having produced the desired efect. The feeder, D, is provided with a purge-valve, by which the air escapes. When the machine is 'put in operation, the air contained in the boiler, the cylinder, inlet, and outlet pipes, and, thedissolver, is driven by the ammoniacal gas into the dissolver A. It penetrates through the feed-valve into the feeder D, whence it escapes through the valve z'. "A tube also puts the boiler in direct communication with the upper part of the dissolver, A, and allows the air to be driven out whichis therein contained. A man'meter indicates the vacuum obtained. The gasesY which escape from the safety-valves are conducted into the reservoir, E, that they mayfbe re-dissolved in the dissolver. The purging-cocks of the cylinders have their outlets at the lower part of the dissolver. 'The feed-water can be'heated by the escape gases either before or after its-passage through the serpentine F, by employing any of the means ordinarily used to heat the fecd-Waterin steam engines. The details of the system I have just described may be varied; as, for example, air may be used instead of Water as the cooling agent. The advantages arising from the employment of ammonia as a motor result from the superiority which ammoniacal gas possesses over steam, as regards its expansive properties. It is only necessary to consider its feeble latent heat, about one-fourth that of water; its elastic force, which is that-of six atmospheres at 90; its easy absorption by water, thus permitting a perfect vacuum to be formed in the condenser, in order to see that machines in which this gas is employed as a motor can be operated with a great saving of time and of fuel, -which latter is abut one-fourth of the quantity required in steam engines.

Having described my invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be carried int'o eiect, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isl 'lhe herein-described apparatus, by means of which ammoniacal gas maybe substituted for steam in motor engines, the same consisting substantially of a combined condenser and dissolver arranged as described, in which the ammoniacal vapor is condensed and dissolved continuously, as herein described and set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification before two subscribing Witnesses.

J. FROT.

Witnesses:

A. BLTRns, EDWARD Toen. 

